Transformer.



.i @i NGhGLS. TRMIHTOBMERl unicum man AW8, mi.

1,143,305. Emendune 15, m15.

l mi@ @m fm ff @m em UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

LOUIS C. NICHOLS, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,

TO ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TRANSFORMER.

To all whom t may Concern.'

Be it known that I, LoUTs C. NICHOLS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of lVisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Transformers, ot 'which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to transformers, and particularly to those provided with coils spaced apart to permit the circulation of the cooling Huid.

Heretofore in the construction of trans# formersthe' spacing,r strips or rods Which have spaced apart the different sections of the transformer windings for cooling purposes have been stra'igl'it. Since these strips are parallel to certain parts of the individual Wires forming the transformer Windings, as for instance to those parts which pass through the openings in the two-part iron core custinnarily used in transformer construction, this leaves most ot such wires not directly supported or braced by the spacingz strips. '.lhese wires have to rely tor their bracing upon the insulation surrounding them. Under normal conditions this is ..sually su'tlicient. However, in case of a short circuit, or even a heavy overload, on the transfornier, the stresses which are set up are ,fireate1 than the unsupported insulation can hear, in which case the coils may be disrulitcd.

It is the obje-et et my present inifentiou to provide for lnacing all the .'sires et the dit'- erent set-,tions ot the 'transformer Winding, While still allmvina1 the free passage of a cooling fluid through spaces between such sections. ln attaining this object the spacing strips, sticks, or rods which usually eX- tend in the general dii tion et the Wires of the transtoriner windings are inade otherwise than straight, that lthey will extend across a number of wires. The strips are preferably made in a Zig-zag or undulate form, though this precise shape is not necessary. il number of strips are used, being so spaced apart that among them they brace all the u'ires forming the Winding'. The spacesoctu'een the several strips are open for the passage of the coolingr Huid, which may be anything de ired, such as oil or air.

The various novel features oi' my invention wili appear from the description and Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1915.

Application led April 8, 1911. Serial No. 619,669.

drawings and will he out in the claims.

Figure l is a section substantially on the line l,--l of Fig. 2, and illustrates my invention as applied to an oiliilled, Watercooled transformer; and, Fig. 2 is a section substantially on the line 2&2 of Fig. 1, the windings being shown in elevation for the salie of simplicity.

The transformer'consists primarily of the laminated core l() and the windings ll, the two sides of the latter passing through openings in the tWoparts ot the former, so that the core and windings are interlinlred. The windings 1l are formed 'in a number of sections, preferably separated by barriers 12, these latter being spaced `from the coil sections ll by spacing sticks, strips, or rods 123 and 14. These rods'are preferably made of some insulatina` material, such as fullerboard. 'lhe spacing,r strips 14 are short and straight, extending transversely to the wires forming the heads of the windings. The strips 12:5, which are here shoun as extending; the full length of the Winding through the openings in the core l() and in the general direction ot the wires toi-nung the sides ot the tran n'nier .rinding, are not straight, beinepreiwibly ol' a zig zag, undulate, or serpentine forni, as illustrated. The shape et the sticks 1.213 need not ne precisely as illustrated, but may be varied widely. Each strip extends back and forth across a number et wires of the Winding'. The strips 13 are so spaced that no s of the winding are lett unsupported, eaeu strip 'i3 extending across a group o'l' wires which contiguous with the group et wires covered by the adjacent strip ln order to show how the spacing' strips overlap the dili'ercnt wires of the Winding, part of the insulation between the strips and such Wires is broken away in Fig. l. The strips 13 offer substantially no more resistance to the passage of a cooling iuid through the spaces on each side of the winding sections ll. vthan would straight strips such as formerly used, and in addition firmly lui-ace each individual Wire of the Winding.

My invention is applicable to any style 0f transformer. By way of example, I have shown itv 'as""lipplie l to a transformer of the oil-filled@ water-cooled type. The transformer is contained in an oil tight tank 15 m AJ i ,a MJ.' n niiet-nen. ene adjacent pci tions a `base fiic tank is lilled with oil, which, is cooled and kept in circa lation tliror aiid around the transformer by a ilow "ai n @l1 a coil of pipes 1'? near tlie J l5. Since c nescnt ini-en I.mation li l. 'ln electrical apparatus, a plurality sections ciZ winding, and means tor spacing said winding sections apart comprising` spacving elements extending in the general direction ci the adjacent individual turns of one of spaced sections and spaced apart and bent in a plane parallel to the adjacent side o said latter winding see ion, each of said elements forming a bearing 'for a plurality ci adjacent individual turns of said latter winding section at a plurality of spaced points. j

f ln transformer, a core provided wit l an opening, a winding extending throng' suoli opening, said winding being formed or spaced sections, and strips crooked in a plane parallel to an adjacent side of one of said sections for holding' said sections apart, eacli strip overlapping and forming a bearing for adjacent turns of a section at spaced points thereof.

3. ln a transforrner7 a core, a plurality of separately formed sections c'winding thereon, and a spacing element between adjacent winding sections, said-element extending in 'the general direction of the adjacent turns ci". the spaced winding sections and being; zigzag or undulate in. cross-section in a plane parallel to the adjacent sides ef the spaced sections.

lin a transformer, a core, a windingz 'thereon in plurality of sections, and spec ing lstrips between. adjacent sections, said strips being laid in the same general direction as tl'ie adjacent portions of tbeindividnal turns ci" sa.- 'spaeed sections and being1 rcs-sectional shape in plane parbe adjace t sides of tbe spaced, secto bear asainst number or acent "ual turns wlios width is greater tiian the width of said strips at any point thereof.

al ln a transformer, a core a plurality oit" separately formed vinding sections thereon, the adjacent sides of adjacent winding sections being approximately parallel, and spaced elements between adjacent windine4 and extending tbe. saine c dividnal turns of the winding sections and a bearing JIfor all the individual J spaced points. a transformer, a core, a winding in a sections mounted on core sections being in the storm of coils liar-- inp,V 'es at angles to the anis of the core` and means for spacing adjacent Vcoils apart comprising spacing strips zigzag or une. Late in cross-section in a plane parallel ,to tlie adjacent sides of the spaced coils.

l ln a transformer, a. core, windings associated therewith and divided into sections, and spacing strips between adjacent sections9 said strips being bent in a plane parallel to tbe adj aeent sides of the spaced sections, and tlie edges ci? each strip extending across a plurality of adjacent turns oieach.. of two aeent sections ci said windings for spacin id sections apart.S

n a transformer, a core, a winding associa tedtherewitli and divided into sections7 and spacing strips between adjacent sections, adjacent spacing strips between two sections being separated by' a distance greater than tbe thickness of an individual turn of the winding, and said spacing strips being bent in a plane parallel to the adjacent sides of e adjacent layers' ci said winding Y adjacent sections and overlapping each turn of said winding to effectively space the turns of one section of winding,1 from those of an adjacent section.

5. ln electrical apparatus, a core, a plurality of sections of winding thereon, and ineans for spacing said winding sections apart comprising an element bent in a plane parallel to the adjacent side oil one of said winding sections and forming a bearing for a plurality of turns of said latter winding section at a plurality of spaced points. y l0. In a transformer, a core, a winding in a plurality of sections mounted on said core, said sections being in the form of coils whose axes are substantially parallel 'to the axis oi said core, and means for spacing adjacent coils apart comprising spacing strips zigzag or bent in a plane parallel tothe adjacent side of one of said coils ll/lilwarltee, *Wist9 April 5, i911.

ln testimony whereof l ailix my signature, in tne presence of two witnesses.

LOUS C. NlCHOLS.

Witnesses 

